These abbreviation rules for
stenography system "Groote"
in Dutch come from:
Nieuw Leerboek Steno Nederlands
M. Brouwers-Machielse
Schoevers Uitgeverij
(site)
23rd printing, 1995
The Dutch rules obviously only have Dutch examples. Only when absolutely necessary to avoid confusion, I have written them phonetically.
Rule 1: d
and/or
t
are omitted at the end of a syllable if preceded by a consonant (Dutch:
medeklinker).
krant
vindt
grondsoort
Rule 2: d
and/or
t
are omitted anywhere in a word if preceded by a consonant and followed
by an obtuse (Dutch: toonloos) vowel (Dutch: klinker).
fonds
kalmte
Rule 3: an obtuse e
is omitted unless a preceding
d/t has been omitted first or the
e is part of the first syllable.
bakker
lachen
The exceptions:
stuurde
reserve
Rule 4:
en
or
n
is omitted from the end of a word or part of
a word except when it is the plural of a noun (Dutch: zelfstandig
naamwoord). If rule 2 has already been successfully applied, only
n is omitted.
lopen
lachen
gaan
tekendoos
Combination of rule 2 and 4:
wachten
Rule 5: plural forms of nouns are not written when the plural form is
evident from the remainder of the sentence. Apply rule 2 before rule
5.
Examples of obvious plurals:
- counting:
10 boeken
- change in vowel sound:
paden
- plural form changes the word:
kinderen
- use of verb:
mannen lopen
- use of the article (Dutch: lidwoord):
de bedden
Rule 6:
d/t
is omitted at the end of a syllable that ends with a horizontal line
(shorthand signs for i/ie/ij/ei/y)
zit
feit
tijdperk
Rule 7: the prefixes
ge and
be
are abbreviated to
e.
begin
gebod
The prefixes
ge and
be
are omitted if they are not at the beginning of the word or if they
precede a vowel.
beogen
voorgezegd
Rule 8: the following prefixes are abbreviated:
con-/kon-/com-/kom- into
ko:
kompleet
dis- into
di:
diskreet
mis- into
mi:
mislukt
im-/in- into
i:
indruk
inder-/inter-/intro- into
ir:
inderdaad
sub- into
su:
subtiel
Rule: 9: the following postfixes are abbreviated:
-baar into
aa:
drinkbaar
-deel(s) into
d:
nadeel
-heid/houd(t/en) into
h:
huishouden
-ig into
g:
kinderagtig
-eur into
r:
chauffeur
-iën/-ion/ioen into
n:
station
-rijk/keur(ig)/kunde(ig)/kom(t/en/st) into
k:
talrijk
-lijk(s) into
l:
dagelijks
-matig into
ag:
wetmatig
-ment into
m:
moment
-stel(len) into
st:
uitstellen
-schap into
g:
gereedsgap
-tie into
ie:
portie
-tief into
ief:
sportief
-zaam into
aam:
langzaam
-besluit(en) into
sl:
besluit
Rule: 10:
d/t preceded by a consonant and followed by a postfix is
omitted.
monteur
handig
Rule 11: the connecting
s
between parts of a word is omitted.
koningskroon